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EU Lawmakers Approve 90% Emissions Reduction Target by 2040

EU Lawmakers Approve 90% Emissions Reduction Target by 2040

EU's Historic 2040 Climate Target

In December 2025, the European Parliament and Council reached a provisional political agreement on a legally binding 2040 climate target requiring a 90% reduction in net greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990 levels. This target builds on the existing 2030 goal of 55% emissions reductions and aligns with the EU's pathway toward climate neutrality by 2050. The agreement includes flexibility mechanisms allowing up to 5% of reductions to come from high-quality international carbon credits.

Key Elements of the 2040 Target

  • Legally binding 90% net GHG emissions reduction by 2040 (compared to 1990 baseline)
  • Intermediate 2035 target of 66.25-72.5% reduction to ensure steady progress
  • Allowance for up to 5% of international carbon credits toward the 90% goal
  • Strengthened EU Emissions Trading System and renewable energy requirements
  • Designed to boost European industrial competitiveness and create clean technology jobs

Strategic Implications

The 2040 target provides predictability for businesses and investors by establishing a clear pathway to decarbonization while enhancing Europe's strategic autonomy and competitiveness in global clean technology markets. The agreement ensures that investments made through 2040 align with long-term climate goals, avoiding wasted expenditures on fossil fuel infrastructure.
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Research Journey

1

Initial Discovery

2040 Climate Target - Climate Action - European Commission

European Commission 12/15/2025

Official European Commission announcement of the 2040 climate target with 90% net GHG emissions reduction and details on the legislative agreement reached in December 2025.

2

Deep Dive

The EU 2040 Climate Target

Eurelectric 7/15/2025

Comprehensive overview of what the 90% emissions reduction target means and how it will be implemented through existing EU Emissions Trading System and renewable energy measures.

Last Chance to Shore Up EU's 2040 Climate Target

Carbon Market Watch 11/20/2025

Analysis of the EU's 2040 climate target agreement including provisions for international carbon credits and concerns about implementation.